How Paternalistic Leaders Motivate Employees’ Information Security Policy Compliance? Building Climate or Applying Sanctions

This paper studies the influencing mechanisms of Paternalistic Leadership in motivating employees’ Information Security Polices Compliance. We proposed that Sanctions and Information Security Climate can mediate the impact of different PL dimensions. Based on survey data from 760 participants, we found that, for different PL dimension, their influencing mechanism are different. The impact of AL dimension is partially mediated by employees’ perception of the Sanction, while the impact of BL dimension and ML dimension are partially mediated by employees’ perception of the Information Security Climate. Our research extends the existing literature by introducing the impact of specific leadership styles on employees’ ISP Compliance and discovering the mediating role of Sanction and Information Security Climate. New knowledge is also found about how each PL dimension affects employees’ Compliance in the information security context

Sperm trajectories form chiral ribbons.

We report the discovery of an entirely new three-dimensional (3D) swimming pattern observed in human and horse sperms. This motion is in the form of 'chiral ribbons', where the planar swing of the sperm head occurs on an osculating plane creating in some cases a helical ribbon and in some others a twisted ribbon. The latter, i.e., the twisted ribbon trajectory, also defines a minimal surface, exhibiting zero mean curvature for all the points on its surface. These chiral ribbon swimming patterns cannot be represented or understood by already known patterns of sperms or other micro-swimmers. The discovery of these unique patterns is enabled by holographic on-chip imaging of >33,700 sperm trajectories at >90-140 frames/sec, which revealed that only ~1.7% of human sperms exhibit chiral ribbons, whereas it increases to ~27.3% for horse sperms. These results might shed more light onto the statistics and biophysics of various micro-swimmers' 3D motion

Will Security and Privacy Updates Affect Users’ Privacy Choices of Mobile Apps

There is a growing emphasis among users on safeguarding personal privacy and authorization for applications. To address this, Security and Privacy Updates (SPU) are employed to bolster app security, alleviate user apprehensions regarding security, and encourage users to share data and permissions with greater confidence. Based on the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT), we propose that SPU, an IT technology itself, has a dual effect on users’ privacy choices, security threat susceptibility and security response efficacy are the two key mediators to explain this phenomenon, and that this influencing process will be moderated by user’s privacy trade-off. We will investigate this process through a set of online experiments

In-situ atomic-scale phase transformation of Mg under hydrogen conditions.

Magnesium hydrogenation issue poses a serious obstacle to designing strong and reliable structural materials, as well as offering a safe alternative for hydrogen applications. Understanding phase transformation of magnesium under hydrogen gas plays an essential role in developing high performance structural materials and hydrogen storage materials. Herein, we report in-situ atomic-scale observations of phase transformation of Mg and Mg-1wt.%Pd alloy under hydrogen conditions in an aberration-corrected environmental transmission electron microscopy. Compare with magnesium hydrogenation reaction, magnesium oxidation reaction predominately occurs at room temperature even under pure hydrogen gas (99.9%). In comparison, magnesium hydrogenation is readily detected in the interface between Mg and Mg6Pd, due to catalytic role of Mg6Pd. Note that the nanoscale MgH2 compound transfers into MgO spontaneously, and the interface strain remarkably varies during phase transformation. These atomic-level observations and calculations provide fundamental knowledge to elucidate the issue of magnesium hydrogenation

A Millennial-Scale Tephra Event-Stratigraphic Record of the South China Sea since the Penultimate Interglacial

AbstractLarge volcanic eruptions have significant impacts on climate and environmental changes. The deposition of tephra in marine sediments may serve as an eruption recorder, but it has not been extensively studied in the western Pacific. This study explored a millennial-scale tephra event-stratigraphy with multiple indicators in a sediment core collected from the eastern South China Sea (SCS) basin. The magnetic susceptibility (MS), Fe and Mn concentrations determined by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and identification of individual ash particles were used to identify tephra layers and reconstruct the history of volcanic activity. Nine visible volcaniclastic units (VVU) and two cryptotephra layers have been identified based on their distinct features, as manifested by high MS, Fe, and Mn concentrations and single-peak grain size distribution. The VVUs and cryptotephra layers reveal elevated volcanic activities. Using the radiocarbon age model and oxygen isotope stratigraphy, these episodes could roughly correspond to the following periods: 1-11 ka, 16-17 ka, 27-31 ka, 41-42 ka, 45-46 ka, 49-50 ka, 77-80 ka, 90-91 ka, 97-99 ka, 116-126 ka, and 132-140 ka. The alkenone-derived SST has significant glacial cycles and good synchronicity with other SCS SST records, which could partially help build the preliminary age model. Despite possible age errors larger than 1 kyr, the discovery and timing of tephra layers provide a preliminary framework to further investigate the impact of historical volcanic eruptions on climate changes

Unique corrosion resistance of ultrahigh pressure Mg-25Al binary alloys.

Differing from as-cast and solid-solution alloys with coarse eutectic phases (Mg17Al12), a single-phase structure is attained in Mg-25wt.%Al alloy after ultrahigh-pressure solid-solution (USS, 800 oC, 4GPa). This USSed Mg-25wt.%Al sample exhibits a prominent age-hardening response due to the nano-scaled Mg17Al12 particles. Three testing methods confirm that USS-aged Mg-25wt.%Al alloy shows good corrosion resistance, which overwhelms the majority of Mg-based alloys reported so far, near to high purity Mg. The main reason is attributed to the formation of Al-rich oxide layer, wherein residual stress and pitting corrosion are eliminated. It provides a new avenue for developing corrosion resistant Mg alloys

Preclinical evaluation of the ROCK1 inhibitor, GSK269962A, in acute myeloid leukemia

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive hematologic malignancy with high mortality that urgently requires new treatments. ROCK1 plays an essential role in regulating growth and survival in AML cells. In this study, we evaluated GSK269962A, a selective ROCK1 inhibitor, in preclinical models of AML. Compared with solid tumors, GSK269962A selectively inhibited cell growth and clonogenicity of AML cells. Furthermore, GSK269962A arrested AML cells in the G2 phase and induced apoptosis by regulating multiple cell cycle- and apoptosis-associated proteins. Strikingly, GSK269962A could eliminate leukemia cells from bone marrow, liver, and spleen in an animal model of AML and significantly prolong mouse survival. Mechanistically, GSK269962A could inhibit the growth of AML by blocking ROCK1/c-Raf/ERK signaling pathway. Notably, a correlation was found between the expression levels of ROCK1 protein and the sensitivity of GSK269962A in AML. These data highlight the potential role of ROCK1 as an attractive target for treating AML, as well as the potential of GSK269962A for use in clinical trials of AML

Twentieth-century warming preserved in a Geladaindong mountain ice core, central Tibetan Plateau

High-resolution δ18O records from a Geladaindong mountain ice core spanning the period 1477-1982 were used to investigate past temperature variations in the Yangtze River source region of the central Tibetan Plateau (TP). Annual ice-core δ18O records were positively correlated with temperature data from nearby meteorological stations, suggesting that the δ18O record represented the air temperature in the region. A generally increasing temperature trend over the past 500 years was identified, with amplified warming during the 20th century. A colder stage, spanning before the 1850s, was found to represent the Little Ice Age with colder periods occurring during the 1470s–1500s, 1580s–1660s, 1700s–20s and 1770s–1840s. Compared with other temperature records from the TP and the Northern Hemisphere, the Geladaindong ice-core record suggested that the regional climate of the central TP experienced a stronger warming trend during the 20th century than other regions. In addition, a positive relationship between the Geladaindong δ18O values and the North Atlantic Oscillation index, combined with a wavelet analysis of δ18O records, indicated that there was a potential atmospheric teleconnection between the North Atlantic and the central TP